Yearly Archives: 2025

What is Summative Assessment?

In my years conducting research on educational evaluation practices, I've found that understanding different assessment approaches—particularly the distinction between summative and formative assessment—is essential for creating balanced evaluation systems that both measure and support student learning. Summative assessment, while often criticized for its limitations, serves critical functions within comprehensive assessment frameworks. Summative assessment refers to…
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What is Dual-Language Education?

Dual-language education represents one of the most promising approaches to preparing students for success in our increasingly multilingual, multicultural society. Unlike traditional foreign language programs or transitional bilingual education, dual-language models aim to develop full bilingualism, biliteracy, and cross-cultural competence for all participants. This comprehensive educational approach offers significant cognitive, academic, social, and economic benefits…
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What is Stuttering?

As an educator who has worked with diverse learning needs throughout my career, I've observed that communication disorders—particularly stuttering—often create significant but frequently misunderstood challenges for affected students. Developing a comprehensive understanding of stuttering helps educators provide appropriate support while fostering inclusive classroom environments that value all communication styles. Stuttering is a communication disorder characterized…
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What is Didactic Teaching?

As an educational researcher who has studied various instructional approaches throughout my career, I’ve observed how didactic teaching maintains a significant presence in our educational systems despite the rise of alternative pedagogies. This direct instructional approach has both historical importance and contemporary relevance, though its applications and limitations deserve careful consideration. Defining Didactic Teaching Didactic…
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